ArticleCalifornia Management Review

Friedman @50: Is It Still the Social Responsibility of Business to Increase Profits?

This paper reflects on Friedman’s famous claim that American business should solely be driven to increase profits. Oxford Professor Karthik Ramanna homes in on the qualifying clause of Friedman’s argument—that markets need non-market institutions to safeguard the conditions for competition—and that if corporations have influence in shaping the market, then it is not free. The report argues that corporate influence on the political landscape has tilted in their favor, often at the expense of the public sphere.

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Joe Zammit‑Lucia argues that in today’s world, politics and business are deeply connected, and companies need strong “political antennae”—a keen understanding of societal values, regulations, and consumer expectations—to succeed. Drawing on global case studies, he shows how pressures from stakeholders, investors, and regulators require firms to embed political awareness into their purpose, strategy, and daily operations to build trust and resilience.

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VideoCorporate Political Responsibility Taskforce
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VideoCorporate Political Responsibility Taskforce
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VideoCorporate Political Responsibility Taskforce
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ReportFCLT/McKinsey

This report recognizes that the stakeholder environment has shifted for many companies to encompass a broader range of stakeholders, and provides thoughts on how companies can take a truly long-term view of stakeholder interests.

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VideoCorporate Political Responsibility Taskforce
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VideoCorporate Political Responsibility Taskforce
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VideoCorporate Political Responsibility Taskforce
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ReportPolicyLink

This report goes beyond diversity and inclusion to outline how a business's actions, products and services, have influence within the company, within the community, and more broadly in society. The report provides concrete recommendations for companies.

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VideoCorporate Political Responsibility Taskforce
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ReportPrinciples for Responsible Investment, The Generation Foundation & UNEP Finance Initiative

This report examines current legal frameworks for institutional investors in 11 countries, including the EU, UK, US, Canada, Japan, and Australia and how they link financial returns with sustainability. It finds that in many cases, investors are legally required to consider sustainability if it aligns with financial goals. The report also recommends policy changes to clarify fiduciary duties and make it easier for investors to prioritize sustainability by fostering clearer guidelines and collaboration 

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VideoCorporate Political Responsibility Taskforce
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VideoCorporate Political Responsibility Taskforce
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VideoCorporate Political Responsibility Taskforce
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BookGreenleaf Books

With his background as a former business executive leading companies such as e-Scholastic, the Proactiv Company and Guthy-Renker, Seth Radwell provides both historical context for the political division in the U.S., and a detailed plan on steps we can take to depolarize society. 

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VideoCorporate Political Responsibility Taskforce
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VideoCorporate Political Responsibility Taskforce
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VideoCorporate Political Responsibility Taskforce
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VideoCorporate Political Responsibility Taskforce
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ArticleOxford Review of Economic Policy

This paper reviews how globalization, technology, and financialization have served to decouple business prosperity from social prosperity.  The paper also explores how there can be a "recoupling" of business and social prosperity and move from shareholder maximization to a broader view of stakeholder interests.

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