This analysis reports how climate change acts as a macroeconomic risk multiplier—exacerbating inflation, supply-chain stress, asset re-pricing, sovereign risk, and financial fragility. It argues that businesses and regulators must treat climate as a cross-cutting systemic issue, not simply an environmental add-on, because the economic implications span sectors, geographies and time horizons.

This report analyzes how political risk—ranging from regulatory shifts and policy unpredictability to geopolitical tensions—affects corporate valuations, operating costs, supply chains, and long-term investment. It introduces a framework connecting political events to financial consequences, urging companies to integrate political-risk analytics into strategic planning, governance, and ESG-related disclosures to strengthen resilience. 

This report analyzes how political risk—ranging from regulatory shifts and policy unpredictability to geopolitical tensions—affects corporate valuations, operating costs, supply chains, and long-term investment. It introduces a framework connecting political events to financial consequences, urging companies to integrate political-risk analytics into strategic planning, governance, and ESG-related disclosures to strengthen resilience.